Crops

Three of Yemen’s 20 crop regions are at a record low. One was the previous worst.

Four other countries also passed their own previous worst, which is a normal number in any given week. 69 crop regions worldwide are at their worst on record for this point in the season, against a typical 60, higher than all but three of the last twelve years. Where they cluster is what this page is about.

Newest observation: the ten days to 31 July, 12 days ago. All 123 places are reporting at this dekad.

Crops is the confirming instrument. It is never more than one publication behind its source, which puts it 9 to 18 days back depending where the cycle sits. It answers how a season compares with twenty-six others, not what happened yesterday.

A season that has not opened cannot be measured, so this page says most about countries whose season is starting. 23 of the 123 countries measured here, about one in five, open a growing season between now and early November, among them Spain and Argentina. That is a calendar, not a forecast.

Every country we measure is marked. The 5 in colour are above their own recent maximum; the other 118 are within their own normal range, which is what most of the map looks like in most weeks.

Countries readers ask about

Shown every week, whether or not anything is happening in them. Each is measured against its own record and never against the others.

England

within its own normal range.

France

2nd most stressed of 26, 1st steepest fall of 26. Each of the 22 regions counts equally, so one carries 5% of this figure whatever its cropland area.

Spain

5th most stressed of 26, 20th steepest fall of 26 once its high starting level is accounted for. Each of the 17 regions counts equally, so one carries 6% of this figure whatever its cropland area.

Germany

6th most stressed of 26, 4th steepest fall of 26 once its high starting level is accounted for. Each of the 16 regions counts equally, so one carries 6% of this figure whatever its cropland area.

Italy

10th most stressed of 26, 16th steepest fall of 26 once its high starting level is accounted for. Each of the 19 regions counts equally, so one carries 5% of this figure whatever its cropland area.

Hungary

2nd most stressed of 26, 1st steepest fall of 26. Each of the 7 regions counts equally, so one carries 14% of this figure whatever its cropland area.

Austria

2nd most stressed of 26, 1st steepest fall of 26. Each of the 9 regions counts equally, so one carries 11% of this figure whatever its cropland area.

Where the record lows are

Grouped by country, because a single region at a record low is common and several in one country is not. Countries beyond their own recent maximum come first; the rest follow by how far their worst region has fallen.

Yemen3 of 20 regions, against a previous high of 1 and a recent average of 0.08

recent average 0.08200120263
3 regions
-1.54 Marib lowest of 26 observations for this point in the season, 2001-2026vegetation here usually tracks water availability
-0.97 Shabwah lowest of 26 observations for this point in the season, 2001-2026vegetation here usually tracks water availability
-0.81 Lahj lowest of 26 observations for this point in the season, 2001-2026vegetation here usually tracks water availability

Sudan4 of 15 regions, against a previous high of 3 and a recent average of 0.5

recent average 0.5200120264
4 regions
-1.30 Blue Nile lowest of 26 observations for this point in the season, 2001-2026vegetation here usually tracks water availability
-1.17 White Nile lowest of 26 observations for this point in the season, 2001-2026vegetation here usually tracks water availability
-1.00 Al Jazeera lowest of 26 observations for this point in the season, 2001-2026vegetation here usually tracks water availability
-1.00 Khartoum lowest of 26 observations for this point in the season, 2001-2026

Philippines3 of 17 regions, against a previous high of 2 and a recent average of 0.5

recent average 0.5200120263
3 regions
-1.23 Cagayan Valley lowest of 26 observations for this point in the season, 2001-2026
-1.15 Cordillera lowest of 26 observations for this point in the season, 2001-2026
-1.09 Ilocos Region lowest of 26 observations for this point in the season, 2001-2026

Angola3 of 18 regions, against a previous high of 2 and a recent average of 0.67

recent average 0.67200120263
3 regions
-3.19 Huambo lowest of 26 observations for this point in the season, 2001-2026vegetation here usually tracks water availability
-2.76 Bie lowest of 26 observations for this point in the season, 2001-2026vegetation here usually tracks water availability
-1.43 Luanda lowest of 26 observations for this point in the season, 2001-2026vegetation here usually tracks water availability

Chad5 of 22 regions, against a previous high of 4 and a recent average of 1.08

recent average 1.08200120265
5 regions
-1.41 Ennedi Ouest lowest of 26 observations for this point in the season, 2001-2026vegetation here usually tracks water availability
-1.36 Ouaddai lowest of 26 observations for this point in the season, 2001-2026vegetation here usually tracks water availability
-1.36 Wadi Fira lowest of 26 observations for this point in the season, 2001-2026
-0.98 Lac lowest of 26 observations for this point in the season, 2001-2026vegetation here usually tracks water availability
-0.95 Batha lowest of 26 observations for this point in the season, 2001-2026vegetation here usually tracks water availability

Libya1 region at a record low

1 region
-3.97 Darnah lowest of 26 observations for this point in the season, 2001-2026vegetation here usually tracks water availability

Suriname2 regions at a record low

2 regions
-3.78 Brokopondo lowest of 26 observations for this point in the season, 2001-2026
-2.90 Wanica lowest of 26 observations for this point in the season, 2001-2026

Ecuador1 region at a record low

1 region
-2.46 Morona Santiago lowest of 26 observations for this point in the season, 2001-2026

Democratic Republic of the Congo3 regions at a record low

3 regions
-2.07 Lualaba lowest of 26 observations for this point in the season, 2001-2026
-1.27 North Kivu lowest of 26 observations for this point in the season, 2001-2026
-0.79 Lomami lowest of 26 observations for this point in the season, 2001-2026

Congo2 regions at a record low

2 regions
-2.04 Likouala lowest of 26 observations for this point in the season, 2001-2026vegetation here usually tracks water availability
-1.49 Pool lowest of 26 observations for this point in the season, 2001-2026vegetation here usually tracks water availability

Papua New Guinea2 regions at a record low

2 regions
-1.84 Western lowest of 26 observations for this point in the season, 2001-2026
-1.19 East Highlands lowest of 26 observations for this point in the season, 2001-2026

Malaysia3 regions at a record low

3 regions
-1.79 Perak lowest of 26 observations for this point in the season, 2001-2026
-1.63 Perlis lowest of 26 observations for this point in the season, 2001-2026
-1.58 Kedah lowest of 26 observations for this point in the season, 2001-2026

Peru2 regions at a record low

2 regions
-1.73 Ucayali lowest of 26 observations for this point in the season, 2001-2026
-1.39 Loreto lowest of 26 observations for this point in the season, 2001-2026

United Republic of Tanzania2 regions at a record low

2 regions
-1.44 Katavi lowest of 26 observations for this point in the season, 2001-2026
-0.86 Kagera lowest of 26 observations for this point in the season, 2001-2026

Uganda1 region at a record low

1 region
-1.44 W. Highlands lowest of 26 observations for this point in the season, 2001-2026

Ethiopia2 regions at a record low

2 regions
-1.41 Tigray lowest of 26 observations for this point in the season, 2001-2026vegetation here usually tracks water availability
-1.24 Afar lowest of 26 observations for this point in the season, 2001-2026vegetation here usually tracks water availability

Rwanda4 regions at a record low

4 regions
-1.39 Gasabo lowest of 26 observations for this point in the season, 2001-2026vegetation here usually tracks water availability
-1.15 Rubavu lowest of 26 observations for this point in the season, 2001-2026
-1.09 Gakenke lowest of 26 observations for this point in the season, 2001-2026vegetation here usually tracks water availability
-0.91 Musanze lowest of 26 observations for this point in the season, 2001-2026

Chile1 region at a record low

1 region
-1.39 Valparaiso lowest of 26 observations for this point in the season, 2001-2026vegetation here usually tracks water availability

Burundi3 regions at a record low

3 regions
-1.39 Bujumbura Mairie lowest of 26 observations for this point in the season, 2001-2026
-0.99 Makamba lowest of 26 observations for this point in the season, 2001-2026
-0.88 Bujumbura Rural lowest of 26 observations for this point in the season, 2001-2026

Egypt1 region at a record low

1 region
-1.37 Cairo lowest of 26 observations for this point in the season, 2001-2026

16 further countries hold one or two regions at a record low, which is what an ordinary dekad looks like.

Falling fastest

13 countries are falling faster than in any year on record, against a prior maximum of 10 and a typical 2.6. That is a count of countries, tested as a set: it asks whether 13 is an unusual number to be at a record, not whether any one of them is.

Rank 1 of 26 on the four-dekad fall, and still rank 1 once the level it fell from is controlled for. An individual country at rank 1 is what chance produces about four times over a set this size, so these are named as members rather than as findings: Oman (0.48 clear of its next year), Dem People's Rep of Korea (0.42 clear of its next year), Ethiopia (0.39 clear of its next year). The figure beside each is how far clear of its own next-worst year it sits, which is what separates them, and it is not a rank.

The same season, counted two ways

These croplands have been getting greener for twenty-five years. Leave that trend in and this season’s crop result is better than usual; take it out and it lands in the worse third.

Crop result across the 26 years of this dekad: 25 of 26 with the trend left in, 9 of 26 with it taken out. Neither is the correct one; they answer different questions.

This dekad against the whole record

Where each figure sits among the 26 years of this same dekad, across all 123 places we measure. Detrended is the figure to read: these instruments drift, and the drift is upward, so the raw rank flatters every stress claim. Both are shown because they disagree and a reader should see that there was a choice.

detrended raw
all five instruments available everywhere, read togetherRainfall, 3-month, Temperature, Vegetation, cumulative, Vegetation, current, Water satisfaction3 of 262 of 26
the season-cumulative crop outcomeVegetation, cumulative9 of 2625 of 26
the purely meteorological instrumentsRainfall, 3-month, Temperature1 of 261 of 26

These are two named groups, not a split of the five: Vegetation, current and Water satisfaction belong to neither, being an instantaneous crop state and a modelled water balance. So the two lines cannot be read as "the weather" against "the crops" with nothing left over.

How we know 81 is an ordinary number

Sub-national units2,107 units, 26-year recordif records fell evenly 8169 observedplaces at their worst on record, this dekad

The expectation rises with the number of units, not with the weather, so any map at this resolution shows dozens of record lows every week. The figure marked is what an EVEN spread of records would give, and records do not fall evenly. The last 12 years of this dekad averaged 59.9 and ranged from 24 to 104, counted over the same places shown here.

This measurement is of the crop canopy and not of what stressed it: heat, drought, disease and late planting are not separable here, which is why no row on this page names a cause.

Kristjan Lepik (2026). The Long Swell, Crops. thelongswell.com · FPAR cumulated z-score, ASAP crop mask, growing cycle only · baseline {'basis': '2001-2025, same dekad of each year', 'first': 2001, 'last': 2025, 'n': 25, 'current_year_in_baseline': False, 'unit': 'same dekad of each year, never a rolling window', 'means': 'every rank, percentile and z on this channel is computed against 25 prior observations, 2001-2025, at the SAME dekad. The current year is NOT in the baseline, so a z has no (n-1)/sqrt(n) ceiling. A rank of `N of 26` counts the 25 baseline years plus the current one.'}